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2023年不容错过的退休计划,健康储蓄帐户


为退休存款有多种选择,雇主提供的401(k)计划、自行开户的个人退休储蓄帐户(IRA)可享节税优惠,也可在一般扣税帐户中存退休储蓄。

此外,健康储蓄帐户(health savings account, HSA)也是选项之一,很少被人注意或采纳。这类帐户的原始出发点并不是为退休储蓄,却可达到退休储蓄的效果。

HSA 原始目的是为医疗目的预存资金, 但务实来说,人们一旦退休,医疗保健往往成了每月最大支出之一,甚至可能是最大支出。

健康储蓄保险主要是因为有三大税赋优惠,除了存入款免税、投资收益免税,从帐户提款时,只要用于合格的医疗保健费用也可免税。

HSA 提领出来的款项如果不支付医疗费,国税局不会给予优惠,而且将受罚,一旦届满65岁,HSA提领款项不论用途是什么,都不必缴罚金,但如果是用医疗用途,必须为提领款项纳税,与传统IRA 及401(k)一样。

如果医疗保险计划与 HSA 兼容,针对HSA,不仅要注册,还要存入最大金额; 2023 年,可因HSA帐户获最低个人免赔额1500 美元、最低家庭免赔额3000 美元,个人健保计划自付费(out-of-pocket)最高额为 7500 美元或更少,家庭最高额则是1万5000美元或更少。

2023 年 HSA 存入款上限取决于年龄和保险范围,未满55岁,个人最多可投入3850美元、家庭最多投入7750美元,届满55岁,投入款上限上增至4850 美元、8750 美元。

将资金存入HSA 可确保有足够资金支付医疗帐单;假如年满 65 岁却不必动用HSA付医药费,仍可视同传统退休计划一样处理HAS帐户。

来源: 世界新闻网


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