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美国开始对NFT征税,加密货币为应税财产


据Hyperallergic报道,美国宾夕法尼亚州和华盛顿州今年夏天成为美国首批正式将NFT(非同质化代币)列为需缴纳销售和使用税的数字资产的两个州。宾夕法尼亚州税务局只是将其列为应缴税产品,但没有提供相关指导,而华盛顿州则提供了一份临时声明,包含对关键术语的定义和一项关于仲裁NFT应税销售发生地的拟议计划。由于两个州都是通过解释现有法律而不是制定新法来征税,因此它们有权追溯收取该规定出台之前发生的应缴款项,在宾夕法尼亚州,最早可以追溯至2016年。

因为NFT销售的复杂性导致对其征税非常困难,且买卖双方的身份往往是未知的,所在的地理位置也难以确定。然而,如果其他州跟随宾夕法尼亚州和华盛顿州的脚步,这种匿名性就会成为过去。2018年最高法院的南达科他州诉Wayfair案使各州对NFT征税成为可能。法院在该案中裁定,参与一定数量交易的卖家不必身处买家所在的州,就可以对其销售征税。根据这一逻辑,NFT的卖家在与对数字资产征税的州的买家开展业务时有义务收取销售税。

联邦关于NFT的征税规则较为模糊。美国国税局自2014年起承认加密货币为应税财产。作为其1.2万亿美元基础设施法案的一部分,总统拜登去年11月要求数字货币经纪人从2023年1月开始提供年度税务报告。预计国税局将就此事发布进一步的指导方针。


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